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Scientific classification
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English name :
Sinhala name :
  Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Sauria
Agamidae
Lyriocephalus
L. scutatus
Ceratophora aspera Gunther, 1864
Rough horned lizard
Punchi Ralu an Katussa
 

Ceratophora aspera, size is much smaller. Upper head shields irregular, strongly, often spinously, keeled; inter orbital region deeply concave; occiput with prominent, symmetrical tubercles; upper and lower labials strongly keeled. Dorsal and lateral scales moderate, strongly keeled, intermixed with larger, very strongly keeled, often spinously produced scales; gular scales not larger than the ventral, uniform, strongly keeled, ventrals very strongly keeled, the end of the keel often spinously produced, sub equal to ventrals, Scales of limbs, digits and tail very strongly keeled; the hind limb reaches to the occiput. No nuchal crest, a dorsal crest feebly defined; a visible and palpable squamosal process, rostral appendage in the male cylindrical, slender, elongate, covered with small, strongly keeled acuminate scales and terminating in a point tubercle, its length more than half that of the head; appendage of the female much shorter, similarly scaled except for the terminal tubercle; preanal region with small scales; tail not compressed. SVL: 37 mm; TAL: 45 mm (Deraniyagala, 1953; Smith, 1935 Taylor, 1953).

The body color is changeable from dark brown to brick red, with lighter and darker markings or longitudinal lines; females some times with a dorsal series of dark brown spots or V shaped markings; generally a rhombic mark on the sacral region; males often with a large white spot across the throat and white spots on the limbs and rest of the under parts brown (Smith, 1935).

This species is a montane form, essentially a ground-dweller; lives in pairs; slow moving and found among fallen leaves in the moist lowland forests and sub montane dipterocarp forests region of southern Sri Lanka (Das & De Silva, 2005; Deraniyagala, 1957; Manamendra-Arachchi & Liyanage, 1994).

Conservation status: Vulnerable (Bahir & Surasinghe, 2005), Endangered (Manamendra-Arachchi & Liyanage, 1994; IUCN, 2007).

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Synonyms

  • Ceratophora aspera GÜNTHER 1864: 131
  • Ceratophora aspera — BOULENGER 1885: 278
  • Ceratophora aspera — SMITH 1935: 154
  • Ceratophora aspera — TAYLOR 1953: 1561
  • Ceratophora aspera — MANTHEY & SCHUSTER 1999: 41
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